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A volcano is a mountain or hill that has a vent 

where lava, debris, and gases can come out.

crater

vent

lava

magma 

under 

pressure

old 

layers

A volcanic hot spot is where there is an area 

of magma where heat rises as thermal plume 

from deep in the earth.

If a tectonic plate moves over a 

stationary hot spot, the volcano will 

descend a new ones will form in their 

place.

One type of volcano is shield volcano. This is when 

liquid lava produce from a a central vent. It is large 

and also can have a collapse caldera.

Examples: Mount Tabor, Mount Zion, 

Chamberlain Hill, Pilot Butte, Lava Butte, 

Craters of The Moon.

Another type of volcano is called a cylinder cone. It 

has explosive liquid lava but the size of the volcano 

is small. It is produced from a central vent; If it 

continued to be long enough, it could build up to 

be a shield volcano.

A stratovolcano has a more violent lava and has 

much more explosive debris. This volcano is large, 

and is produced from a central vent. 

Examples: Mount Baker, Mount Rainer, Mount 

St.Helen, Mount Hood, Mount Shasta

Volcano's can be extremely damaging to 

the environment. Which is because of all 

the toxic gases the volcano could have. 

The volcanic ash could kill a lot of plant 

and animal life. Killing them off, 

especially if they are near the volcano 

eruption.

Damages to building from volcanic ash can range from roof 

collapsing, to less catastrophic damage to exterior materials 

and inside rooms

When volcanoes erupt, they can sometimes give off 

toxic gases and chemicals.This can cause pollution in 

the air. Which can make people sick and affect our 

breathing from the air. 

Certain gases, called greenhouse gases allow short 

wavelength radiation from the sun to go through the lower 

atmosphere to the earth's surface. These same gases, 

absorb long wavelength radiation called infrared which is the 

energy the earth re-radiates back into space. The trapping 

of this infrared heat energy by these greenhouse gases 

results in global warming. 

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