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Table of Contents

• Introduction

• Location and Climate

• Abiotic Factors

• Food Web

• Animals

• Plants

• Threats

• Conclusion

• Glossary

• Citation(sources)

Introduction

The tropical forest is one of the major biomes in the world. One well-known tropical rainforest is the Amazon which contains millions of lives and is known as the heart of the earth. These forests are mainly located around the equator, which is 0º latitude. Tropical forests receive a lot of sunlight, plus the climate is humid, hot, and rainy all year round. They are full of living and non-living organisms, such as animals, plants, and water. Well-known animals are anaconda, capybara, and jaguar. 

Location & Climate

 Most tropical forests are located around the equator(0 degrees latitude). The weather is hot, rainy, and wet all year at the equator. It is because the equator receives lots of sunlight and the high temperature lets the air contain more water vapors.  400 billion trees produce billions of transpiration happening every second which causes the weather to be rainy. 

The water vapors not only make the weather humid it generates fog that covers the forest.

Foggy Rainforest

Green area: Tropical forests 

Red circle: Around the equator

 Global Warming's Effects: 

Like everywhere else on earth, the rainforest is affected by global warming. One effect was the temperatures of the two warmest months had risen by 3.07C in a year.

Abiotic Factors

As I mentioned, most rainforests are located near the equator, which is the place where the earth receives the most sunlight(receives 12 hours straight). However, under 2% of the sunlight reaches the surface in the rainforest because of all the fogs and clouds above the forest. Therefore, the soil is shaded all the time, and vegetation is compacted on the surface near rivers and hills. The reason is that hills have the best angle for the sunlight to reach the surface, and Riverbeds break up the forest canopy so that more plants that can't reach the sunlight can get the needed sunlight.

The air of tropical rainforest is humid and contains a lot of water vapor. Plus the temperature is high which is one reason why the air can contain more water vapors. 

Humid and foggy air

There is 20% of all flowing fresh water in the world just in the Amazon river. It is home to approximately 3000 different species of fish. The ph level of the water is 4.17-4.94, which makes the color brownish-red.

Most of the soil in tropical rainforests are Oxisols and Ultisols. Ultisols are clay-rich, acidic soils that support the mixture of forest vegetations before cultivation. They are naturally fit for forest management; they can be productive in an agricultural way with the help of fertilizing. Oxisols are mainly found in humid zones of tropical rainforests. Plantation agriculture is possible for the mixture of fertilizer and excels.

The picture on page 13 is a simple example of a food web in the Amazon rainforest. Arrows represent the energy transfers, which means that the direction the arrow is pointing at is how the energy flows.

Animals

There are almost 50 million different species of animals in rainforests worldwide rainforests are the biome with the most biodiversity. Each has a unique type of body, color, and other features. For example, three-toed sloths, the slowest mammal on earth, somehow manage to survive from predators like jaguars in the wild. As I said, the tropical rainforest is full of biodiversity, making it enjoyable to investigate the animals in the tropical rainforest.

Malayan Tapir

This funny-looking mammal is the Malayan tapir, also known as Tapirus indicus. They are currently endangered as only 3000 of their species live in the wild. Their habitats are in southeast Asia in Malayan and Indonesian rainforests. They can grow up to 1.8 m to 2.4 m (6-8 ft) tall and 250-320 kg (550-700 lbs) hefty. Tapir's main diet is small plants and leaves because they are herbivores. Plus, their rubbery and flexible noses are ideal for eating grass, fruits, and aquatic plants.

Fun Facts

Tapirs have four toes in front foot and three toes in the back foot.

Jaguars

Jaguars, also known as Panthera onca, 

are scary and dangerous predators. 

However, they are fascinating 

animals to investigate. First of all, these carnivore mammals are as big as five to six feet and heavy as 100 to 250 pounds. Their life span is about 12~15 years. As carnivores and good swimmers, jaguars' diet is fish, turtles, and caimans. They have a broad range of habitats; even though their primary habitat is the Amazon rainforest smaller population of jaguars still lives in Central America.

Did you know?

Is there an American football team called Jacksonville Jaguars?

Green Anacondas

Green anacondas, these freakishly big snakes can grow up to 20~30ft long, almost as long as a school bus, and 550 pounds heavy. They live in the tropical rainforest of South America, like the Amazon rainforest. Their life spans are about ten years long. Their diet is even more unbelievable; they simply swallow their prey: wild pigs, deer, birds, turtles, capybara, caimans, and jaguars with their 

huge mouth.

Comparison between bus and an anaconda

Capybara

Capybara, also known as Hydrochoerus 

hydrochloric, is the biggest rodent. They live in the swamp in the Amazon rainforest, which is near Peru, 

Brazil, and Northeast Argentina.  As a herbivore capibaras' diet is aquatic plants, grasses, and other plentiful plants. They can grow up to 4.6 feet long and heavy as 77 – 143 pounds. their life span is up to seven years.

Did you know?

Capibaras are really good swimmers

Black Caiman

Black caimans are one of the most enormous reptiles on earth. Their habitats are South American rainforests. They eat fish and small mammals. It can grow up to 16 ft long and 800pounds heavy. Their seventy teeth are designed to grab but not chew their prey. Their black skin makes perfect camouflage for them. They are an apex 

predator but almost 

extinct in the wild 

because of humans.