Intro

Intro

1. What are consumer rights?  Muras.OMTAL / Pınar İzgi

Consumer rights are legal rights that ensure the protection of individuals who purchase goods or services. In Turkey, the fundamental consumer rights regulated under the Law on Consumer Protection are as follows:

Berra Hafsa/Hatice BAHADUR

Bilinçli tüketici kimdir?

 Bilinçli alışveriş, satın alma kararlarını lisanslı olarak veren, görünürlüğü artırarak israfı önleyen ve kısıtlamayı koruyan kişidir. Alışveriş sırasında, kesinti ücreti, ürünler ve ürünler incelenir. Gereksiz harcamalardan kaçınır, bütçesini kullanır ve yanıltıcı reklamlara karşı dikkatlidir. Ayrıca kayıtlı kayıt, etik üretim süreçlerini sürdürür ve yerel ve sürdürülebilir ürünleri tercih eder. Sadece kendi ekonomik çıkarlarını değil aynı zamanda çevreyi ve insanları da göz önünde bulundurarak sorumlu bir tüketim yaklaşımı benimser. Bu şekilde hem bireysel bütçeye hem de toplumsal sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağlanır.

The history of consumer rights is the process of protecting buyers against unfair commercial practices.

• Ancient Times: The Code of Hammurabi (1750 BCE) included rules against fraud.

• Industrial Revolution: Poor-quality products and false advertisements increased, leading to the first consumer movements.

• 20th Century:

• In 1906, the Food and Drug Act (USA) was enacted.

• In 1962, J.F. Kennedy’s Consumer Bill of Rights (safety, information, choice, and the right to be heard) was introduced.

• 1985: The UN Consumer Protection Guidelines were published.

• Present Day: Digital rights, eco-friendly production, and AI regulations are becoming more prominent.

Yusuf.KOSBI

4. Why is World Consumer Rights Day important?    Mutahar.OMTAL / Pınar İzgi

World Consumer Rights Day is important for raising awareness of consumer rights, increasing consumer awareness, and strengthening the laws that protect them. This day provides an opportunity for consumers worldwide to gain more knowledge about their rights and safety. It also helps improve the quality of products and services offered to consumers, combat violations of consumer rights, and promote fair trade.

Consumer rights play a critical role in the sustainable development of societies and the achievement of economic justice. Therefore, World Consumer Rights Day encourages consumers to shop in a more informed and safe manner.

Consumer Rights: Know Your Protections

1. Right to Safety – Products must be safe and not harm consumers.

2. Right to Information – Clear, accurate details on               products/services.

  3. Right to Choice – Access to fair competition and alternatives.

Stay informed, demand fairness, and stand up for your

rights!

6. What is a warranty certificate?Doruk.OMTAL /Pınar İzgi

A warranty certificate is an official document that contains the manufacturer's or seller's commitment to repair, replace, or refund a product under certain conditions for a specified period of time. This document provides assurance about the product's quality and functionality and protects consumers against potential malfunctions of the product. The warranty period may vary depending on the product type and manufacturer. Additionally, the warranty certificate is an important document for consumers to defend their rights, and it should be kept after purchasing the product.

7. Why are invoices and receipts important?    Batuhan KOSBI    Aylin Elçikoca

8. What is a defective product?    Uysal KOSBI    Aylin Elçikoca

What is a consumer arbitration board? 

DIsputes between consumers and busInesses that are arbItrated are resolved by an Independent neutral arbItrator rather than In court. Although partIes can agree to arbItrate a partIcular dispute after It arIses or may agree that the award Is non-bIndIng, most consumer arbItratIons occur pursuant to a pre-dIspute arbItration clause where the arbItrator's award is bIndIng

Tuğra KOSBI/Aylin ELÇİKOCA

Tüketici şikayetleri nereye yapılabilir?  

 How to use the right of return?

Consumers have the right to return a purchased product under certain conditions and receive a refund. The product must be unused, undamaged, and in its original packaging. A receipt or invoice is usually required.

For distance sales, most countries grant a 14-day right of withdrawal, but certain items like food and personal hygiene products may not be eligible for return. To initiate a return, consumers must contact the store or e-commerce platform. If the seller unfairly rejects the return request, consumers can appeal to consumer arbitration boards or courts.

Yiğit KOSBİ / Aylin Elçikoca 

nur öğretmen şadiye

13. How to read label information?    Eylem KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

"Son Kullanma Tarihlerinin Önemi"

 yağmur öğretmen şadiye

15. Why is it important to prevent waste?    Eslem KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

16. How to prevent unnecessary shopping?    Enes KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

17. Are promotional products really advantageous?    Burak KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

Promotional products are products that are given to us by the brand and make us look at the brand more positively. This is an effective sales method. It makes us feel valued and shows that the brand is generous and attracts people's attention. There are different profits for both the buyer and the selle

18. How to shop safely in e-commerce?    Ahmet KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

Ethical shopping means making conscious choices to buy products that are produced responsibly, considering the well-being of people, animals, and the environment. This can include supporting fair trade businesses that ensure workers receive fair wages and safe working conditions, choosing cruelty-free items that aren't tested

 on animals, and opting for sustainable products that minimize environmental damage. The goal is to promote a more just and eco-friendly world through everyday purchases.

19. Things to consider when shopping with a credit card    sema    Şadiye Seyhan

20. Why is it important to compare products and buy them?    gülçin    Şadiye Seyhan

What is environmentally friendly consumption? 

Environmentally friendly consumption means using resources in a way that minimizes harm to the environment. It involves choosing sustainable products, reducing waste, conserving energy, and supporting eco-friendly businesses. This can include using reusable bags, buying locally sourced food, reducing plastic use, and opting for renewable energy. The goal is to reduce pollution, conserve natural resources, and help fight climate change.

What is fair trade?

Fair trade is a movement that aims to ensure producers in developing countries receive fair wages, work in safe conditions, and use environmentally sustainable practices. It focuses on creating equitable trading relationships by guaranteeing fair prices for products and improving the lives of workers and communities. Fair trade certification ensures that products like coffee, chocolate, and handmade goods meet these ethical standards, promoting both social and environmental responsibility in global trade.

What does ethical shopping ?

Rüzgar KOSBI Aylin Elçikoca

Ethical shopping means buying products that are made in a way that is good for people, animals, and the environment. It involves choosing items that are fair trade, cruelty-free, sustainable, and produced without harming workers or nature

How can we distinguish fake products?

To distinguish fakes, first check the packaging and product quality: originals usually feature sharp details, error-free lettering and durable materials. Shop at authorized retailers, avoiding suspiciously cheap prices. Verify the security features provided by the brand, such as holograms, serial numbers or QR codes. Inconsistencies in product functionality or the use of poor quality materials can be signs of counterfeiting. A little research and vigilance can prevent financial loss and health risks.

 Talha KOSBI/ Aylin Elçikoca

How to Identify Harmful Products?

1. High Sugar & Salt: Leads to obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure.

2. Unhealthy Fats: Increases cholesterol and heart risks.

3. Artificial Additives: May have negative health effects.

4. Processed Foods: Often contain harmful chemicals and lack nutrients.

Summary: Avoid products high in sugar, salt, unhealthy fats, and additives. Read labels and choose natural options for better health.

25. How to understand products that are harmful to health?    Ata.KOSBI    Aylin Elçikoca

Is Expensive Always Higher Quality?

Many think expensive means higher quality, but this is not always true. Some brands charge more for their reputation, not quality. Meanwhile, cheaper options can be just as durable. Marketing often raises prices without adding real value. While quality materials cost more, price alone doesn’t determine quality. Checking reviews and materials is key. Expensive doesn’t always mean higher quality.

26. Is an expensive product always of high quality? Emir KOSBI Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

 Alışveriş listesi dosyası neden gereklidir?

Inflated Discount: First the price is increased, then the discount is shown.Psychological Pricing: Prices like €99.99 are perceived as lower.False Urgency: Urgency is created with phrases like “Last 3 items!”. Misleading Comparisons: Unrealistic discount rates are shown.

Hidden Charges: Additional fees are added at the checkout.

In order not to fall into these traps, it is necessary to monitor the prices in advance and not to make hasty decisions.

28. How do discount traps work? Çınar KOSBI Aylin Elçikoca

The Harmful Effects of Unconscious Use

Unconscious use of resources and technology harms the environment, health, and finances. Overuse leads to pollution, stress, and financial issues. Awareness and responsible choices help prevent these problems. 

29. What are the harms of unconscious consumption?    Furkan KOSBI    Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

30. What should we pay attention to when shopping second-hand?    Ayşe KOSBI    Aylin Elçikoca

We need to be careful when shopping second-hand. First, check the product thoroughly and test whether it works. Check the seller's reviews for reliability. Evaluate the suitability of the product by investigating its price. Be careful against fraud and use secure payment methods by hand delivery if possible. In this way, we will both save money and make a safe shopping.

31. How to choose energy-saving products?

When choosing energy-saving products, look for the energy label and check the efficiency rating. 
Choose LED bulbs instead of regular ones and buy appliances with low energy consumption. 

Unplug devices when not in use to save power. Also, consider solar-powered or eco-friendly options. Energy-saving products help reduce electricity bills and protect the environment.

32. What do the terms organic and natural mean on food labels?    Necati KOSBI

Nesibe Hatun Tanrıkulu

33. How can shopping addiction be prevented?

    Shopping addiction can be prevented by setting a strict budget, avoiding impulsive purchases, identifying emotional triggers, using cash instead of credit cards, and seeking support from a therapist or support group if needed.

d.gorgu/TOBB ALOSBİ

34. Pay attention to contracts written in small letters!

    Small print often hides extra fees, automatic renewals, or legal restrictions. Always read contracts carefully before agreeing to avoid unexpected costs or obligations. Focus on cancellation policies, hidden charges, and refund terms. A few minutes of review can prevent costly mistakes. your rights.

y.can/TOBB ALOSBİ

35. How reliable are user comments in shopping?

    User comments can be helpful but are not always reliable. Some reviews may be biased, fake, or influenced by incentives. To get a balanced view, check multiple sources, look for detailed reviews, and be cautious of overly positive or negative feedback.

e.kazanc/TOBB ALOSBİ

36. Be careful about advertisements targeting children

    Advertisements targeting children often use bright colors, fun characters, and persuasive language to influence their choices. Many ads promote unhealthy food, unnecessary toys, or misleading products. Since children may not fully understand marketing tactics, parents should monitor ads, teach critical thinking, and encourage mindful consumption.

e.akan/TOBB ALOSBİ

37. Advantages of shopping from local producers    Kaan.OMTAL    Pınar İzgi

There are many advantages to shopping from local producers:

1. Contrubution of the economy : Shopping from local producers contributes to the local economy. Supporting small businesses increases local employment and helps strengthen local trade.

2. Fresh an high-quality product : Local producers often offer fresh and higher-quality products. The products reach the consumer directly without the need for long transport times and storage.

3. Unique and handmade product : Local producers often offer handmade, unique, and original products. These types of products can be more personal and special.

4. Direct communication between consumer and producer : Direct communication with local producers allows consumers learn more about products and receive quicker solutions in case of any issues.

5. Lower prices : Local producers often work with lower margins compared to large retailers.

6. Culturel richness : Local producers can offer products that reflect the culture and traditions of the region. This provides an opportunity to learn about and preserve local culture.

38. Ways to reduce plastic consumption

1.    Use reusable bags and bottles.

2.    Avoid single-use plastics like straws and cutlery.

3.    Choose products with minimal packaging.

4.    Buy in bulk to reduce waste.

5.    Recycle properly.

6.    Support eco-friendly brands.

7.    Raise awareness about plastic pollution.

b.karadag/TOBB ALOSBİ

39. Choosing reusable products instead of disposable products  

    1.    Reusable bags instead of plastic bags

    2.    Glass or metal bottles instead of plastic ones

    3.    Cloth napkins instead of paper ones

    4.    Stainless steel straws instead of plastic straws

    5.    Rechargeable batteries instead of disposable ones

m.erduran/TOBB ALOSBİ

40. Why is the warranty period important for technology products?

    The warranty period is important for technology products because it protects consumers from potential defects or malfunctions. It ensures that if the product fails within a specified time frame, the manufacturer will repair or replace it. A longer warranty period provides peace of mind and can indicate the product’s quality and reliability. 

a.kolay/TOBB ALOSBİ

41. Why is it necessary to know consumer rights?

    Knowing consumer rights is necessary to protect yourself from unfair practices, faulty products, or misleading advertisements. It ensures you can seek refunds, repairs, or replacements when needed and helps you make informed decisions. Understanding your rights empowers you to hold businesses accountable and avoid being taken advantage of. 

a.coskun.1/TOBB ALOSBİ

42. Watch out for free trial campaigns!

    Be cautious with free trial campaigns, as they often come with hidden fees or automatic subscriptions once the trial ends. Always read the terms and conditions, note the cancellation policy, and track the trial period to avoid unexpected charges.  

a.yesilyurt/TOBB ALOSBİ

43. How do we recognize environmentally friendly packaging?    a.onen    Fethi Tanboğa

43. How do we recognize environmentally friendly packaging?

1. Biodegradable Materials – Packaging made from materials that break down naturally, like paper or plant-based plastics.

2. Recyclability – Look for symbols like the recycling triangle, indicating it can be recycled.

3. Minimal or No Plastic – Packaging with little or no plastic, using alternatives like glass, metal, or cardboard.

4. Compostable – Packaging that can be composted at home or in industrial composting facilities.

a.onen/TOBB ALOSBİ

44. Why is recycling electronic waste important?

    Recycling electronic waste is important because it helps prevent harmful chemicals from polluting the environment, conserves valuable materials like metals and plastics, and reduces the demand for new resources. It also helps minimize landfill waste and supports the creation of new products from recycled materials.

e.ozbek/TOBB ALOSBİ

45. How reliable are social media advertisements?

    Social media advertisements can vary in reliability. While some are from trustworthy brands, others may be misleading or deceptive. It’s important to research the product or service, read reviews, and verify the source before making a purchase, as ads can sometimes exaggerate claims or promote unverified products.

t.durukan/TOBB ALOSBİ

46. Compare prices before shopping

    Comparing prices before shopping helps you find the best deals and avoid overpaying. Different stores may offer discounts, promotions, or better value for the same product. Checking multiple sources, including online and physical stores, ensures you make a smart and budget-friendly purchase.   

e.arslan/TOBB ALOSBİ

47. Is using water and electricity economically conscious consumption?

    Yes, using water and electricity efficiently is part of conscious consumption. Reducing waste lowers utility bills, conserves natural resources, and helps protect the environment. Simple actions like turning off unused lights and fixing leaks can make a big difference.  

m.ucan/TOBB ALOSBİ

48. How does the content of packaging affect our health?

    The content of packaging can affect our health by exposing us to harmful chemicals like BPA, phthalates, or heavy metals, which may leach into food or beverages. Choosing BPA-free, food-safe, and eco-friendly packaging helps reduce health risks and ensures safer consumption.  

z.ari/TOBB ALOSBİ

49. How can consumer awareness be increased in schools?

1. Educational Programs – Teach consumer rights and smart shopping.

2. Workshops & Seminars – Host experts on responsible consumption.

3. Interactive Activities – Use games and real-life scenarios.

4. Campaigns & Posters – Raise awareness on ads and product safety.

5. Student Projects – Encourage research on ethical shopping and recycling.

k.nemutlu/TOBB ALOSBİ

50. Ways to learn about our consumer rights

1. Government Websites – Check official consumer protection agencies.

2. Educational Programs – Attend workshops or online courses.

3. Consumer Organizations – Follow advocacy groups and legal aid services.

4. Product Labels & Contracts – Read terms, warranties, and refund policies.

5. News & Social Media – Stay updated on consumer rights issues.

 d.coskun/TOBB ALOSBİ

51. Who is a consumer?

    A consumer is anyone who buys goods or services for personal use rather than for resale or business purposes. Consumers make purchasing decisions based on their needs, preferences, and available resources.  

y.kilicaslan/TOBB ALOSBİ

52. How are consumer rights protected?

    Consumer rights are protected through laws and regulations that prevent unfair practices, ensure product safety, and guarantee refunds or repairs. Government agencies enforce these rules, while consumer organizations provide support and awareness. Consumers can also protect themselves by reading contracts, knowing their rights, and reporting violations

y.ucar/TOBB ALOSBİ

53. What are consumer responsibilities?

1. Being Informed – Research products and services before purchasing.

2. Reading Terms & Conditions – Understand warranties, return policies, and contracts.

3. Using Products Safely – Follow instructions and warnings.

4. Reporting Issues – Inform authorities about faulty or misleading products.

5. Sustainable Consumption – Avoid waste and choose eco-friendly options.

b.yildirim/TOBB ALOSBİ

53. What are consumer responsibilities?

   
 A defective service is a service that fails to meet promised standards, is incomplete, or causes harm due to negligence. This can include poor-quality repairs, unmet contract terms, or misleading claims. Consumers have the right to request corrections, refunds, or compensation for defective services. 

p.kor/TOBB ALOSBİ

54. What is defective service?

55.How to apply to the Consumer Arbitration Board?  

Pelin YAMANTÜRK

56.Things to consider when shopping in installments 

Meral Yamantürk

57.Steps to follow when returning a product 

Eminenaz Yamantürk

How to Return a Product

Returning a product is every consumer's right. However, to complete this process smoothly and quickly, it is important to know some steps. This guide details the steps you need to follow when returning a product.

When you want to return a product, follow these steps:

Check the Product Conditions: First, check the return conditions of the product you want to return. The product should be unused, undamaged, and in its original packaging.

58.What is the right of withdrawal?

Şefikanur Yamantürk

Introduction

The right of withdrawal is provided to protect the rights of consumers, allowing them to terminate the contraet within a certain period without an reason and without paying a penalty. This guide explains the details of the right of withdrawal and how it can be used.

Definition of the Right of Withdrawal

The right of withdrawal is a right used in distance sales contracts or door to door sales where the consumer does not have the opportunity to physically examine the product.

This right allows the consumer to return the product if they are not satisfied with it.

59.Is payment at the door safe? 

Gamze Yamantürk

60.What to do when the warranty period expires?

Tülaynur Yamantürk

Even after the warranty period has expired, consumers still have certain rights. First of all, even if the warranty period ends, manufacturers or importers are obliged to provide maintenance and repair services throughout the product's lifespan. Therefore, authorized services can be requested for paid repairs

61.Yetkili servis seçerken dikkat edilmesi gerekenler 

Ayaz Yamantürk

As a consumer, choosing authorized services for the maintenance and repair of our products is the key to receiving long-lasting and quality service. Here are some factors to consider when choosing an authorized service:

1. Authorization Certificate and Certificates

2. Customer Reviews and References:

3. Service Time and Speed

4. Warranty and Return Policies

5. Pricing

6. Use of Spare Parts

7. Customer Service and Communication

62.What do consumer courts do?

Gizem Yamantürk

63.Why are user comments important?

Çiçek Yamantürk

64.Precautions against fraud in online shopping

Sudenaz Yamantürk

65.How to recognize deception in advertisements?

Ali Yamantürk

Advertisements are an effective tool used to promote products and services. However, some advertisements can trick consumers with misleading information. Recognizing these types of deceptions is an important part of being an informed consumer. So how can you spot deception in advertisements?

66.Campaign traps coming via SMS and e-mail

Ayşe Yamantürk

67. Consumer rights in promotional products.

Butnariu.Amalia, VULTUR Petronela

68. What to consider when receiving cargo?

Robaniuc.Nicoleta/ Vultur Petronela

69. How to detect fake campaigns?

Ruscan.Mihai/Vultur Petronela

70. What can be done against exorbitant prices?

Plai Nicoleta/Vultur Petronela

Ayşe teacher Şadiye- Buca Şerife Bacı VTAHS

ZLEUMAİ LUĞMEMİK

CVU M ZCMKUZBİ

EEMASL UNİKVMKZ

 EMJ İZLKZLJK

AKZUBNKC MKİZ ABÖCVKZSCVCUĞEİZÖAEİZVCASEJ ZÖVÇ SÜĞZEİBVC

Sosyal medyada ürün satışı güvenilir mi?

Sosyal medyada ürün satmak doğru şekilde yapıldığında güvenli olabilir, ancak bazı riskler de vardır. Bu alanda güvenli alışveriş için dikkate alınması gereken birkaç önemli nokta şunlardır:

Şadiye SEYHAN-İzmir Buca Şerife Bacı VTAHS