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Ardipithecus ramidus

-No common name

-Lived 4.389 to 4.388 mya

   -Relatively large anterior dentition

   -Thin tooth enamel

   -Presence of hominid-like canines

Australopithecus africanus

-No common name

-Lived during the Early Pliocene, about 2.9-2.4 

mya.

   -Iliac blade is short and wide

   -Sciatic notch is well developed

   -Has a very small articular surface for the 

sacrum

Australopithecus afarensis

-No common name

-Lived 3.9-2.96 mya

   -Roof of the supraorbital torus slopes evenly 

up the frontal squama, rather than being 

separated by a sulcus

   -Pronounced heel strike

   -Well-developed medial longitudinal arch

Australopithecus anamensis

-No common name

-Lived 4 mya

   -Dental apparatus is ape-like

   -Robust bony shelf posterior to the incisors

   -Bipedal hominid

Australopithecus garhi

-No common name

-Lived 2 to 3 mya

   - Lower face is prognathic with procumbent 

incisors

   -Palate is vertically thin

   -Marked postorbital constriction present

Australopithecus aethiopicus

-No common name

-Lived 2.5 mya

   -Has a large palate with a thick roof

   -Flattened cranial base 

   -Anterior and postcanine teeth are very large

Australopithecus boisei

-Once called Zinjanthropus, this name lives on 

as the nickname "Zinj."

-Lived 2.3 to 1.2 mya

   -Anterior teeth reduction

   -Sagittal crest is on the mid-brain case

   -Nearly horizontal orientation of nuchal plane

Australopithecus robustus

-No common name

-Lived 2 to 1 mya

   -Strong flexion of the cranial base

   -Nearly horizontal orientation of nuchal plane

   -Short distance between the tooth row and 

the mandibular fossa

Homo habilis

-No common name

-Lived about 2 mya

   -Large cranial capacity 

   -Distal phalanges have apical tuffs

   -Reduced postcanine tooth size

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