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A volcano is a mountain that opens 

downward to a pool of molten rock 

below the surface of the earth.

Magma is composed of molten rock and is 

stored in the Earth's crust and Lava is magma 

that reaches the surface of our planet through 

a volcano vent.

There are 3 types of plate boundaries  

Divergent boundaries, Covergent 

boundaries, and Transform boundaries.

       One of the most famous hot spots 

on Earth are the Hawaiian Islands. 

       The newest island is the big 

island, which today has two active 

volcanoes.    

        These volcanoes were active 

millions of years ago, but the moving 

crust of the ocean floor has carried 

them away the hot spot that feed the 

volcanoes. 

         Three different types of 

volcanoes are Shield, Composite cone, 

and Cider cone.

    Shield Volcano

      The lava spreads out and builds up 

volcanoes with broad, gently sloping 

sides.

     Now active volcanoes like this are 

found in the Hawaiian islands.

Composite Cone 

        Composite volcanoes develop from  

repeated explosive and nonexplosive 

eruptions of tephra and lava that build up layer 

by layer.

       Volcanoes like these are the largest and form 

symmetrical cones with steep sides.

Cinder Cone 

   Cinder cones build from lava that is 

blown violently into the air and breaks into 

fragments.

    When the lava pieces fall back to the 

ground they cool and harden into cinders 

that pile up around the volcano's vent.

   If the erupted magma contains a high 

percentage 63% of silica, the lava is called 

felsic.

   There are many different types of volcanic 

eruptions and associated activity phreatic 

eruptions, explosive eruption of high-silica 

lava, effusive eruption of low-silica lava, 

pyroclastic flows, lahars and carbon dioxide 

emission.

      A volcano consists of a deep magma 

chamber where magma accumulates, 

pipes that lead to surface vents, and the 

vents through which lava is emitted 

during a volcanic eruption.

     Carbon dioxide emitted from volcanoes 

adds to the natural greenhouse effect.

     Sulphur dioxides cause environmental 

problems, because they are converted to 

sulphuric acid in the stratosphere.

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