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Table Of Contents

Page 2: Judaism

Page 3: Timeline

Page 4: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 5: Beliefs/Influences of Beliefs

Page 6: Christianity

Page 7: Timeline

Page 8: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 9: Beliefs/ Influences of Beliefs

Page 10: Hinduism

Page 11: Timeline

Page 12: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 13: Beliefs/Influences of Beliefs

Page 14:Buddhism

Page 15: Timeline

Page 16: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 17: Beliefs/Influences of Beliefs

Page 18:Islamic/Muslim

Page 19: Timeline

Page 20: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 21: Beliefs/Influences of Beliefs

Page 22:Confucianism

Page 23: Timeline

Page 24: Holy Writings and Guidelines

Page 25: Connections to the World Today

Page 26: Where,Who,Why

Judaism 

Leader and beginnings (Timeline)

Abraham: father of the Jewish people

1800 BC Abraham, his family, and their herds made 

their way to Canaan (All of ancient Palestine or the 

Mediterranean Sea)

Yahweh looked after the hebrews because Abraham 

promised to obey him. The Hebrews asked Yahweh for 

protection from their enemies

1650 BC The descendants of Abraham moved to Egypt

1300-1200 BC "The Exodus"Hebrews fled Europe 

1020-922 BC Hebrews united under three able kings, 

Saul, David, and Solomon

962 BC Solomon built a trading empire, and a temple to 

glorify God (permanent home of the Ark)

922 BC Kingdom divided into 2 because of money 

problems with Solomon

586 BC the city finally fell

Holy Writings and Guidelines

Torah was their holy book (first five books of 

the Hebrew Bible)

God chose Abraham to be the father of the 

Jewish

Book of Genesis: God commanded him to 

move his people to Canaan

The Torah: who led the Hebrews out of slavery 

was Moses

Covenant: Promise between God and the 

founder of the Hebrew people

Yahweh wrote the ten commandments on 

two stone tablets (laws of the Hebrew)

Beliefs and their Influences

Monotheism: A belief in a single god

Hebrews proclaimed Yahweh as their one god

In their eyes, Yahweh had all the power

To the hebrews, God was not a physical being.

Christianity

Timeline

6-4 BC a Jew named Jesus was born in Bethlehem, Judea (home of 

the Jews)

Jesus: He preached, taught, did good works, and reportedly 

performed miracles

His teachings included many ideas from Jewish traditions

Jesus became very popular by performing from town to town, 

attracted large crowds. Jesus' growing popularity was a concern, and 

was nailed to a wooden cross, to die. 

Paul was an enormous influence of the spread of Christianity. He 

wrote influental letters to groups of believers

73 AD 1/2 million Jews were killed in the course of the Jewish 

Rebellion

132 AD Jews made another attempt to break free of the Romans

312 AD Roman emperor Constantine was fighting 3 rivals for 

leadership of Rome

313 AD Constantine announced an end to the persecution of 

christans 

325 Constantine moved to solidify further the teachings of 

Christianity 

Holy Writings and Guidelines

Gospels: main source of info about Jesus' teachings. The 

first four books of the New Testament of the Bible.

Jesus' teachings did not contradict Jewish Law, and his 

first followers were Jews

As Christianity grew, disagreements about beliefs 

developed among its followers. Dispute over beliefs 

became intense. Church leaders tried to set a single, 

official standard of belief. These beliefs were complied in 

the New Testament. The New Testament was added to 

the Hebrew Bible.

Beliefs and their Influences

Apostles: 12 men that are Jesus' disciples, or pupils

After Jesus died, the apostles were more convinced than 

ever that Jesus was the Messiah, or savior. It was from 

this belief that Jesus came to be referred to as Jesus 

Christ.

As Christianity grew, disagreements about beliefs 

developed among its followers. Dispute over beliefs 

became intense. Church leaders tried to set a single, 

official standard of belief. These beliefs were complied in 

the New Testament. The New Testament was added to 

the Hebrew Bible.

Hinduism

Timeline

The world soul, Brahman, was sometimes seen as 

having the personalities of three gods: Brahma, the 

creator; Vishnu, the protector; and

Shiva, the destroyer.

750-550 BC Hindu teachers tried to

interpret and explain the hidden meaning of the Vedic 

hymns

Holy Writings and Guidelines

The teachers’ comments

were later written down and became known as the 

Upanishads

Buddha preached his first sermon to five companions 

That first sermon became a landmark in the history

of the world’s religions. 

Four Noble Truths: He laid out the four main ideas 

that he had come to understand in his enlightenment. 

Beliefs and their influences

reincarnation (rebirth): an individual soul or spirit is 

born again and again until

moksha is achieved

karma:—good or bad deeds—follows from one 

reincarnation

to another. Karma influences specific life circumstances

They see religion as a

way of liberating the soul from the illusions, 

disappointments, and mistakes of

everyday existence.

Siddhartha wandered through the forests of India for six 

years seeking enlightenment, or wisdom. He tried many 

ways of reaching an enlightened state. After 49 days of 

meditation, he achieved an understanding of the cause 

of suffering in this world. From then on, he was known 

as the Buddha, meaning “the enlightened one.”

Buddhism

Timeline

Mahavira, the founder of Jainism, was

born about 599 B.C. and died in 527 B.C.

The founder of Buddhism, Siddhartha, was born into a 

noble family that lived in the foothills. 

Buddhist legend, the baby exhibited the marks of a 

great man

A prophecy indicated that if the child stayed at home he 

was destined to become a world ruler. His father isolated 

him in his palace.

He spent many years trying to achieve enlightenment

Preached his first sermon to five companions who were 

with him on his wanderings

Holy Writings and Guidelines

Four Noble Truths: His first sermon became a 

landmark in the history of world religions. In 

his sermon, he laid out the Four Noble Truths

Dharma: Buddhist doctrine or teachings

Jatakas:teachings of the Buddha. Sacred 

literature was first written down in the first 

century BC 

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