Group - 2

ADVIKA CHARAN SAI CARMINE KARTHIKEYA MAZIN

DHILSHAN

HARSHIT

HASHINI

JACK

MOHITHA

REMINGTON

SHASHANK

TARUSHI

SAMIKSHA

Renewable energy is a term used to refer to forms of energy that are naturally

obtained from the environment and from sources that can be restored.

For e.g. Sunlight, water, wind, tides, geothermal heat, and biomass.

INTRODUCTION

Energy and its Conservation

Conservation of energy is the effort made to reduce the consumption of

the energy by using less of an energy service.

 Energy conservation is the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy used.

 It may be achieved through efficient energy use, or by reduced consumption

of energy services.

 Potential energy from oil or gas is a type of chemical energy. Its energy can

be harnessed to provide heat for homes, offices or other buildings to keep

them warm during the winter.

 Light bulbs transform electrical energy into light, which illuminates dark

spaces.

 Wind energy

 Solar energy

 Geothermal energy

 Hydropower

 Biomass energy

We need Renewable Energy to generate electric power. Geothermal steam is used directly for heating and cooking. Biomass and solar source are also used for space

 TYPES AND NEEDS OF

 RENEWABLE  ENERGY 

and water heating. Wind energy produces energy that has fewer effects on the environment than many energy sources. Hydropower can provide both energy and water management.

Save energy or we will be in dark tomorrow

Energy conservation measures are usually done to reduce air pollutants or greenhouse gases or to conserve energy resources when they are in short supply. When natural disasters occur there may well be a disruption of energy

supplies (gas, coal, oil) and so governments may impose restrictions on energy use or ask for voluntary energy conservation measures.

ENERGY CONVERSATION MEASURE

Things like energy for operating rooms in hospitals, for example, would be a priority use of energy.

Inspite of many efforts and benefits of energy efficiency, the various barriers such as technical, financial, market and policy have constrained the implementation of energy efficiency projects.

The main barriers to energy conservation are:

♦ Lack of awareness

♦ Shortage of widespread education and training

♦ Economic and market distortions

♦ Lack of standardization of equipment's

♦ Lack of financing
♦ Lack of effective co-ordination

Lets join hands to conserve energy.

India is the world’s third-largest energy consuming country, thanks to rising

incomes and improving standards of living. Energy use has doubled since 2000,

with 80% of demand still being met by coal, oil and solid biomass. On a per capita

basis, India’s energy use and emissions are less than half the world average, as are

other key indicators such as vehicle ownership, steel and cement output.

INDIA AND ENERGY

NATURAL GAS:

There is a restriction by Indian Govt of one cylinder per month, currently, the

number of LPG cylinders a consumer can avail is 12 per year. So the consumers with large number of family members struggle on meeting their cooking fuel needs due to these restrictions.

DEMERITS OF CONSERSATION OF ENERGIES IN INDIA

ELECTRICAL ENERGY:

For Conserving Electrical energy, Indian government have restricted use of Industrial units . The industries have to buy their required electric energy from other electricity

sellers or to look for alternative energy sources like solar panel or wind mill for

generating electricity needed for industrial use. This leads to the increase in cost of

production.

COAL ENERGY:

It can pollute the air, soil, and water bodies. The burning of coal emits carbon

dioxide, toxic heavy metals, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury and “clean coal”

involves costs. Coal source is finite.

FUEL ENERGY:

Drilling operation disrupts wildlife habitat and impacts the landscape through the

removal of vegetation and increase of erosion, which leads to landslides and floods.

It emits Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide 

and other air pollutants.

NUCLEAR ENERGY:

Nuclear energy comes from splitting atoms in a reactor to heat water into steam, turn

a turbine and generate electricity.

WIND ENERGY:

Wind turbines could be threat to wildlife : The edges of wind turbines can actually be

unsafe for birds and other flying creatures. Wind turbines could lead to noise and Visual pollution. They make a sound between 50 and 60 decibels.

The disadvantages of the Energy Conservation in India are:

 FOSSIL FUELS:- Create pollution and will run out.

 NUCLEAR POWER:- Will run out and produce dangerous waste that is hard to dispose of.

 WIND TURBINES:- Expensive to set up and wind does not always blow.

 WAVE GENERATORS:- Expensive to set up.

DISAVANTAGES OF THE ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN INDIA

 TIDAL GENERATORS:- Very expensive to set up and could be hazardous to local wildlife.

 HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS:- Expensive to set up and output could be affected by drought.

 SOLAR CELLS:- Not always sunny and output does not always outweigh initial

cost to set up.

 USING LED LIGHTS:- High initial price, they emit more blue light which affects the quality of sleep.

 OFF-GRID RENEWABLE POWER:- 

They are costly and Cannot rely on the grid at

night or on cloudy days.

As one of the fastest growing economies in the world, India is set to contribute 1/4 th  of the projected rise in global energy demand by 2040. It is already the fourth largest greenhouse gas emitter after China, USA, and the EU, and as it creates more and better opportunities for its people, leading to improved living standards, emissions will continue to rise.

INDIA- CHALLENGE AND POTENTIAL AREA OF FOCUS

POTENTIAL AREAS OF FOCUS:

The scale of India’s ambitions to expand its renewable energy capacity opens the

door for business and private sector to work alongside central and state

governments to pilot innovative renewable energy technologies. Investment in solar

energy and efficient storage via lithium-ion based batteries, the cornerstone of

expanding renewable energy use, is key. 

Sector-building business models and

financial institutions, such as green infrastructure bonds to raise funds to provide

debt financing for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects, could be another

key area for intervention.

    Conservation of energy in Japan

As the world’s third largest economies, Japan is facing the challenge of energy insecurity since the Great East Japan Earthquake which caused the shutdown of nuclear power plants. Japan is scarce in critical natural resources and has been heavily dependent on imported energy and raw materials. There are major deep sea mineral resources in the seabed of Japan. 

   JAPAN AND ENERGY 

This is not mined yet due to technological obstacles for deep sea mining. Japan was the largest global liquefied natural gas (LNG) importer in 2019, it is dependent on imports for 94% of its primary energy supply.

Fossil Fuels:

Japan is largely dependent on oil, coal and Liquefied Natural Gas and other fossil fuels that are imported from overseas following the Great East Japan Earthquake. This results in increased utilization of thermal power generation to make up for the shortage of electricity caused by the shutdown of nuclear power plants.

Demerits of conservation of different energies of Japan