for Professor Hayes
and University of La Verne

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Ahoy Mateys!
My name is Captain Jane!
I'm so excited to have you on my
ship today! I named her the Scientist,
because even though I'm the captain
of a pirate ship, I'm a scientist at heart.
Now let's go learn more about science!

Here on the Scientist, we explore the
Seven Seas while we explore science.
Today we need to learn more about
acids and bases. What? You don't know
about them either?
Well, lets learn together!

Acids and bases are kind of like
opposites.
Some acids are edible, and they taste
sour. Orange juice is acidic and so is
lemon juice. Have you ever sucked on a
lemon? It's definitely sour!
Bases taste bitter instead of sour.
Some common bases are baking
soda and chalk.

Wait! Don't just go around tasting
things to see if they're an acid or a
base! There are a lot of things out
there that can harm us!
Don't taste or smell anything unless
you already know it's safe!
So what's another way for us to
know if something is an acid or a base?

We can do something called a
litmus test!
Bases will turn red litmus paper blue!
Acids will turn blue litmus paper red!
Also, they won't change the color of
the other color of litmus paper.
Pretty cool, right?

It's a base!It's an acid!

Now that we've learned a little about acids and
bases, let's do an experiment together with my
pirate friends!
We have 7 cups of unknown liquids here to
test. First, we'll observe them and then make
our hypothesis. That's scientist talk for guessing
what the results will be. We'll write it all down so
we remember what we predicted, and then we'll do a
litmus test for each one!
Remember not to smell or taste them!

Each time we test a liquid, we need to pay attention
to see if the paper changes color. Then we'll record
it in a data chart that looks like this:

If the red and the blue litmus papers
stay the same color, we call it neutral.

Now that we've tested our liquids
and recorded the results in our
data chart, we can go back and
compare our hypothesis (remember that's
the big scientist word for a guess).
It's not important if we guessed all of
them correctly or even if we didn't guess
any correctly. What IS important is
that we learned something from our
experiment!

Now that we've learned about
acids and bases, do you want to
learn how to make a tie-dye
shirt? You might be asking how
this relates to science, but there
is something called a chemical reaction
that takes place when we make
the shirts! Let's watch and learn!

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