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This is Timmy, he's a little boy who lives in India. 

One day Timmy was playing in the park when he saw 

a time machine!

He ran over to it and jumped inside. The door closed 

behind him as the machine came to life! Strange noises 

and flashing lights were everywhere!

When the door opened again he saw that he was no 

longer in the park. A woman's voice started playing 

from the machine. 

"The people you see belong to the Harappan culture." 

She said. "These people are very organized and build 

very good cities." Timmy looked around. 

The machine was right! He saw buildings and people all 

around. Some were cooking, others were trading their 

things with others.

After a while he noticed a group of people with fancy 

looking clothes. "Who are they?" Timmy asked the 

machine.

"Those are the priests, they run their religion and the 

town, they're just like a government." The machine 

replied.

"What else can you tell me about them?" Timmy 

asked. He was very curious about these people.

"Well, like I said, the Harappans are very organized 

people who follow the priests instructions. As you see 

they have very well thought out cities and their 

culture is really based on the nature around them." 

The machine explained. 

"That's really cool!" Timmy said. He continued 

looking around for a few more minuets, amazed by 

the people.

Finally Timmy stepped back into the machine. "Thank 

you," He said "I think I've seen enough, can we go 

somewhere else now?" The doors closed and the 

machine came to life once more.

The doors reopened a moment later. "Welcome, Timmy, 

to 2000 BCE. These are no longer the Harappan people, 

these are the Indo-Aryan Culture." The female voice 

said. "Also known as just Aryan."

Timmy looked around, these people were very different 

from the people he had just seen. They all looked scary 

to Timmy. Most of the people he saw had weapons with 

them.

"Why are they so scary looking?" Timmy asked, still 

nervous around these new people.

"Aryans are big fans of war and violence. Their way of 

life is based on warrior and military control."

"So what else can you tell me about them?" Timmy 

asked. "Are they like the Harappans?"

"Well Timmy, the Aryans move around often so they 

don't build big cities as you can see. They're known 

as nomadic." 

Timmy looked around and noticed most of the 

houses were small and not as pretty as the 

Harrapans.

"The Aryans also" She continued, "herd animals but 

mostly depend on food they can gather. Plus their 

way of life is based on military, not religion. Their 

religion is only passed on through stories, the 

Aryans don't write it down."

Timmy stood there a moments and thought about how 

different the two cultures were. The first people had 

seems so formal while these people looked very violent.

"Okay machine, I'm ready to go now." Timmy told the 

machine as he stepped back inside.

Just like before the doors closed and the buttons 

flashed. Timmy smiled, he was having so much fun 

learning about these cultures.

The doors opened and Timmy stepped out. He still 

wasn't home, but he was in a new place again.

"Welcome, Timmy, to 1500BC." The machine told him. 

"The people you see are no longer the Aryans, this is 

the Vedic Culture."

"There's so many people." Timmy said. "What happened 

to the Aryans?"

"Well Timmy, these are the Aryans." The machine said.

"But you just said these were Vedics!" Timmy was very 

confused. 

"Let me explain." The machine said calmly "Vedics are 

a mix of both the Harappans and Aryans. Like the 

Harappans, they are known for their trade and crops. 

But unlike the Aryans, they are no longer based on war 

like beliefs."

Timmy thought about this and continued to look 

around. Then he asked "Why do the people look 

separated from each other?" 

"The Vedics use what is known as the Caste System. 

Each person has a certain place in society. Most people 

are judged by what color their skin is, which decides 

where you work, live, who you can talk to and so on. 

You don't get to pick your place, you're born into it."

"Priests are at the top, followed by warriors, then farmers, 

then workers and then the Untouchables or the outcasts."

"Well that doesn't sound fair!" Timmy said "What kind 

of God would say that was fair?"

"Well, Timmy, the Vedics religion is a bit complicated. 

They believe in many Gods, yet those Gods are only 

characteristics of their one true God, someone they call 

"That One". They even drink a liquid called Soma, 

which they believe is the drink of the Gods."

Timmy nodded, the machine was right, their religion 

was a little confusing. "Thank you machine, I think I 

understand now, I'm ready to go." Timmy waved 

goodbye and stepped back inside the machine. 

"Next I'll tell you about the 

Mauryan Empire." The 

machine said as it buzzed 

to life.

"What's an empire?" 

Timmy asked.

"An empire is a group of 

people who are ruled by 

one person, known as the 

emperor." She replied.

Timmy nodded, "Oh, okay. 

Thank you."

"Sadly Timmy, I'm running low on power, but inside 

this house is a wise man who will tell you all about 3 

empires. Once you have learned all that you want, 

just come back here and I'll take you home." The 

doors opened and Timmy saw the house the machine 

was talking about.

"Thank you so much for everything 

machine!" Timmy said as he gave 

the machine a hug. He then happily 

ran up to the house and knocked on 

the door.

"Come in!" A mans voice yelled. Timmy walked inside 

to see an old man waiting for him. "My name is 

Joshua." The old man said.

"Hi, I'm Timmy!" Timmy said as he shook the mans 

hand. "The time machine said you could tell me about 

3 empires, is that true?"

Joshua smiled "Of course young man! I can tell you 

anything you want to know!"

"Great! The machine said something about a Mauryan 

empire, what do you know about it?" Timmy asked 

excitedly.

"Well the Mauryan Empire was started around 324 

BC and was ruled by a man named Candragupta 

Maurya. He pushed the original tribes out and ran 

his government with a strong military. But, he never 

truly acted like a leader, and some people say the 

Mauryan Empire, wasn't an empire."

"What do you mean? How can you tell if something 

is an empire or not?" Timmy asked

"An empire needs to have one true ruler over 

everyone. Candragupta split his power up into 

provinces, giving multiple people power."

"After Candragupta died his grandson Asoka took over. 

He was considered to be the greatest indian ruler at the 

time. This is because he helped the poor and used 

Buddism to rule over his people." Joshua continued.

"Well he sounds really nice! But what is Buddism?" 

Timmy asked.

"Well Buddism is a religion, a very large one too."

"It was actually 

started in India by a 

man named 

Siddhartha Gautama, 

or Buddha. Buddha 

means the Enlightened 

one. At the age of 29 

he left his home in 

order to search for the 

answers to life's 

questions."

"What do you mean, 

Life's Questions?" 

Timmy interrupted 

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