This book was created and published on StoryJumper™
©2014 StoryJumper, Inc. All rights reserved.
Publish your own children's book:
www.storyjumper.com
Table of Contents
Prenatal & the Newborn
pgs.4-10
Infancy & Childhood
pgs. 11-
Adolescence
pgs.
Adulthood
pgs.
Prenatal and the Newborn
When a Mommy and a Daddy love each other very much they have
a baby. Mommy's tummy gets very big becase of all the love. When
it is time for Mommy and Daddy to have their baby they go to the
hospital.
When Mommy and Daddy are at the hospital, Mommy meets Mr. Stork.
Mr. Stork takes all the love out of Mommy's tummy to give to the baby.
Mommy's love makes the baby strong. After Mommy's tummy shrinks
Mr. Stork makes sure the baby is healthy.
In order to make sure the baby is safe, Mr. Stork runs a test called
the APGAR test. The test makes sure there is nothing wrong with
the baby. Once Mr. Stork knows the baby is strong and healthy he
gives the baby to Mommy. Then Mommy shows Daddy the baby and
they are very happy.
Mommy and Daddy then take their new baby home. Mommy and
Daddy are excited to have a baby. When you are a baby your brain
is new and as you get older your brain gets stronger and works
better. A baby's muscles also get stronger as they age.
A man named Eric Erickson created the Stages of Psychosocial
Development. This talks about how people change socially as they
get older and why. The first stage, the one newborn babies go
through is called Trust versus Mistrust. In this stage babies learn if
the world is safe or unfriendly. If Mommy and Daddy don't help
Baby then the baby will have mistrust, but if they take care of Baby
then the baby will have trust. Mistrust makes it harder for the baby
to make relationships with others.
Newborn babies have many reflexes. A baby cries when it needs
something, such as food, water, or milk. A crying baby irritates and
bothers Mommy and Daddy so they take care of baby to stop the
crying.
Babies also do things when they hear sounds. Babies look in the
direction of people's voices and they stare at anything that looks like
a face. A newborn baby's sense of smell and hearing works very
well. They know the smell and the sound of their Mommy.
Infancy & Childhood
A baby's muscles are what let's the baby move. Before a baby can
walk the baby first learns how to sit up without help, then baby
crawls, and then starts walking. A part of the brain called the
Cerebellum helps you walk and have balance. The cerebellum gets
strong enough to allow a baby to walk at about age 1. The baby's
body also grows in size as he/she ages.
From age 1 to 3, in Erik Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial
Development the stage Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt
occurs. In this stage small children learn how to control their
body, a couple examples are walking and potty training. If a
Mommy and Daddy get mad at a child for not being able to
use the potty then the child will have shame and be doubtful
of their abilities. If they are encouraged and successful then
the child will learn self control.
A baby's memory is also improving as they age. A baby usually
doesn't remember much before their 3rd birthday. This is because
of the strength of the part of the brain called the Hippocampus. The
Hippocampus is the part of the brain that has all your memories.
After 3 yrs old you are able to store more memories.
The idea known as a Schema was created by Jean Piaget. Schemas are
made from our memories. A person makes schemas as they get older.
Schemas are how we understand the world, but this happens when we
experience things. As we get older we change our schemas to understand
new experiences. This is how we learn the difference between a dog and a
cat.
When something happens a lot you learn what makes this happen.
So then it is not as fun. Babies go through something called
Habituation. Habituation is when the baby has seen something so
many times the baby doesn't get as excited as the first time the
baby saw it. Too much peek-a-boo becomes boring to the baby after
awhile, it's like watching the same movie 30 times in a row.
People go through changes in their brains as they get older. A very
Smart Man named Jean Piaget made a theory about the change in a
person's brain from when they are born until they are adults. There
are four stages in the theory. The first one is called the
Sensorimotor Stage. This stage begins from birth until you are 2
years old.
The Sensorimotor Stage is when a curious baby experiences the world through
their senses. The baby looks at everything, touches things and holds them. The
baby also experiences Stranger Anxiety and Object Permanence. Stranger
Anxiety happens when the baby is held by someone they don't know so then the
baby cries because he/she is scared. Object Permanence is when the baby
knows that something is still there even if they can't see it. It is like laying a
plastic bag over a toy car, the toy car is still there even if the baby can't see it,
he/she knows it's there.
The third stage in Erik Erickson's Psychosocial Development
theory is called Initiative versus Guilt. In this stage children
are curious and ask why? because they want to learn about
everything. If parents are angry at the child for asking why?
then the child will feel guilty and afraid to ask questions. If
the child is encouraged to ask questions then he/she will feel
confident when asking questions and talking with others.
The next stage in Jean Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development is
the Preoperational Stage. This stage starts at 2 and ends at about 6
or 7. In this stage children use words to talk about everything. They
go through somethings called Egocentrism and Pretend Play.
Egocentrism is when a child does not know that other people
cannot see through their eyes. This happens when little kids
walk in front of the television because they are curious and
interested, but they block the view of the television from
everybody else. Pretend Play is when children use their
imagination to have fun with toys or friends.
As a child, you begin to grow in height and become smarter
because you are going to school. This allows for greater
cognitive growth, or better ability to think, understand, and
speak with other people.
In Erik Erickson's Psychosocial Development theory the fourth
stage is called Industry versus Inferiority. This stage happens
from the ages 6 to 12 years. In this stage children start to
understand what their abilities are. This is also the time that
children first go to school.How a child feels about what they
have succeeded in doing affects their self-esteem through
their ability to do things.
If a child doesn't like what they have succeeded in doing,
then the child may have problems, such as an inferiority
complex. An inferiority complex is when we feel bad about
ourselves, that we're not good enough. If we feel good about
what we do then we feel like we can accomplish anything.
The third stage of Jean Piaget's Cognitive Development
Theory is called the Concrete Operational Stage. This stage
occurs from 6/7 yrs of age to 11 yrs of age. This is a time
when a child can show and have logical thinking. They can
solve math problems and now understand Conservation.
The idea of conservation is that even though an certain amount of a
liquid is constant no matter what container it is put in. An example
is if you pour apple juice in a mug. Then you get a long, clear glass
and pour the apple juice into it. Even if it seems like there is more
apple juice now, we know that it is the same amount.
The three stage theory of Moral development created by
Lawrence Kohlberg begins with Preconventional Morality,
which starts from 7 to 10 yrs of age. Preconventional Morality
has 2 stages. In stage 1, Morality is selfishly about your
rewards and punishments. Rewards are good, and Punishment
is bad.
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This book was created and published on StoryJumper™
©2014 StoryJumper, Inc. All rights reserved.
Publish your own children's book:
www.storyjumper.com
Table of Contents
Prenatal & the Newborn
pgs.4-10
Infancy & Childhood
pgs. 11-
Adolescence
pgs.
Adulthood
pgs.
Prenatal and the Newborn
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