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Table of contents

I. Nervous system introduction    Page 2

        Neurons                                  Page 3

        Neurotransmitters                 Page 4

        Peripheral Nervous System Page 5

        Central Nervous System       Page 6

II. The Brain                                   Page 7

        Parts of the Brain                   Page 8

        Lobes of the Brain                  Page 9

III. The Endocrine system.           Page 10

    Major Glands                              Page 11

IV. Disorders Introduction            Page 12

        Nervous System                     Page 13

        Brain disorder                         Page 14

        Endocrine System disorder   Page 15

Nervous system Introduction

The nervous system processes thousands of bits of information 

from the body's other organs and the outside environment. The 

nervous system makes sense of them and determines the 

response the body will make.

Neurons

Neurons have a nucleus, or center, that contains genes, as other cells 

of the body do, but neurons are vastly different from other cells. There 

are dozens of different classes of neurons, and each has a particular 

function (such as motion or sense).

Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters carry information to the next neutron in line, 

instructing it either to fire another electrical signal called an action 

potential, or to remain silent.

Peripheral Nervous System

The peripheral nervous system carries 

information between the organs of the body 

and the central nervous system. Its divided 

into the autonomic nervous system and the 

somatic nervous system. 

Central Nervous System

The central nervous system consists of the 

spinal cord and the brain. Information from the 

peripheral nervous system is conveyed here, 

where it is coordinated, processed, and relayed 

back through the peripheral nervous system 

with a response.

The Brain

The brain makes possible thought, language, 

reasoning, creativity, and perception.

Parts of the brain (Hindbrain)

Brain stem: Evolutionarily the oldest part of the 

brain and the center of involuntary actions.

Medulla: Monitors the bodies response to injury, 

blood pressure, and reflexes.

Pons: Relay station between cerebral and cortex

Cerebellum: Balance, movement and posture

Parts of the Brain (Midbrain)

Top inch of the brain: Connecting station for nerve 

signals; where pathways cross so one half of the 

brain controls the other half of the body.

Parts of the Brain (Forebrain)

Limbic System: Controls emotional response; includes 

the amygdala and hippocampus (important for memory 

and learning)

Hypothalamus: the size of a pea, it controls body temp 

and the pituitary gland.

Thalamus: Relays cerebral and cortex information and 

gets back information that it sends elsewhere.

Cerebrum: Is very large and is divided into two 

hemispheres with four lobes.

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