for all the spineless creatures
- P.A.W

PORIFERA
Need to know:
Porifera (otherwise known as sponges) live in water.
Some examples are: glass sponges, demo sponges, and the barrel sponge.
A lot of sponges are asymmetrical
They are detrivores and filter feeders.


glass
sponge
Anatomy:
when water passes
through the pores
of the sponge
and specialized
cell grabs the nutr-
ients from the food
the water filtered
in.

Defense:
A sponge defends itself by releasing a bubble like toxin into the water to ward away predators.
Breathing:
Sponges break water (H2O) down and take in the oxyen.
They have no tissues.
Reproduction:
sponges are hermaphrodites( they have both male and female reproduction organs). They reproduce sexually by spraying sperm in the water. the eggs in and outside of the sponge may get fertilized by the sperm.
Sponges reproduce asexually by budding. Which is when a piece of the sponge breaks off and grows into a new sponge.
Food goes in the way waste goes out.
Movement: Most sponges are sessile (they stay in one spot forever) but some just move very,very,very slowly.
Digestion:
This occurs in the cells by absorbtion.
video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8a0oNsDEx8
Anatomy:
The tentacles surround the
mouth of the jellyfish.
Nematosis (the stinging cells)
are used to catch food.

Cnidaria (stinging animals):
Examples:
1) jellyfish
2) coral
3) hydra
4) sea anemone
5) sea urchins



General Characteristics
digestive system: a huge body cavity inside the animal extreets chemicals to eat food. Waste and food both go to the same place.
Diet: Cnidarians are carnivores (meat eaters). They catch animals in their tentacles as they swim or float by.
tissues: They usually have 2 layers of tissue, though some have 3.
Breathing: They take in oxygen through their tissue layers.
Movement:
They are sessile in their polyp stage and free living in their adult stage. Though they usually float rather than swim.
Habitat: All Cnidarians live in water.
Symmetry: They have Radial (same however you turn it) symmetry.
Defense:
-They mimic plants
-Stinging darts (nematosis)
-Chemicals
-some have hard outer coverings
-They live in colonies


Reproduction:
Asexual:
budding
(during the polyp
stage)
Sexual:
the egg is fertilized by the sperm.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37geKQg5fMo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dgre5EBQLaM
Annellids/Segmented worms:
Examples:
leech
earthworm
General Characteristics:
Segmented worms are bilateral. So if you cut them in half their two sides would be exactly the same.
Habitat:
In water, on land, and underground.
Movement: setea (bristles/hair for movement) dig in the ground and the worm propels forward.
Breathing:
Take in dissolved oxygen through their moist skin.
Tissues: they have 3 basic tissue layers
diet: leech - blood and decaying matter
earth worms- decaying matter


digestive system:
release waste through a tube that runs down the length of their body.
reproduction: worms are hermaphrodites and can reproduce sexually or asexually (regeneration).
defense:
burrowing
regeneration
bad tasting chemicals

anatomy: mouth takes in dirt (aerate) takes in nutrients from the soil.
pharnyx: swallows soil
Aortic Arches: 5 pairs of hearts which pump the blood
gizzard: Grinds food
Clitella: holds reproductive organs
Crop: stores food
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaYc7ezX2gI
MOLLUSK:
Examples:
Bivalve: scallop,oyster,clam,mussles
Cephalopod: squid,octopus, cuttlefish
Gastropod: Conch,Snail,slug,limpet
defense:
hide in shells.
Go places the predator cannot,chemicals,Clams shoot water,change color and texture, and flatten themselves.

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for all the spineless creatures
- P.A.W

PORIFERA
Need to know:
Porifera (otherwise known as sponges) live in water.
Some examples are: glass sponges, demo sponges, and the barrel sponge.
A lot of sponges are asymmetrical
They are detrivores and filter feeders.


glass
sponge
Anatomy:
when water passes
through the pores
of the sponge
and specialized
cell grabs the nutr-
ients from the food
the water filtered
in.

Defense:
A sponge defends itself by releasing a bubble like toxin into the water to ward away predators.
Breathing:
Sponges break water (H2O) down and take in the oxyen.
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