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The Underground Railroad was a secret system of transportation runaway slaves used to seek freedom in the north.
It all began in the early 19th century in an attempt to bring slaves from upper south states such as Kentucky, Virginia, and Maryland to free north states of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New Jersey.
Between the years 1810 and 1860, roughly 100,000 runaway slaves escaped to the North with the help from station masters, conductors, and stockholders.
A station master was someone who owned a house that was part of the Underground Railroad.
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A conductor was the person responsible for the safe transportation of the runaway slaves, the person who helped guide them to freedom. Harriet Tubman was a notable conductor of the Underground Railroad
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A stockholder was someone who donated money, food, and water to those who owned houses along the Underground Railroad, the station masters.
It was very dangerous to be a part of the Underground Railroad. Whether you were the runaway slave, a conductor, a station master, or a stockholder.
If you were caught, you were punished. Those who were caught helping runaway slaves to freedom faced a $1,000 fine or six months in jail. This is why the running of the Underground Railroad was kept secret, to avoid these punishments.
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Slaves who were caught running away were punished and sent back to their master in the south, as it was illegal for them to leave in the first place. To lesson the risk of capture, a code of communication was created to continue it's secrecy.
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The Underground Railroad was a secret system of transportation runaway slaves used to seek freedom in the north.
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