Static Electricity

 Is often created when two objects that are not good electrical conductors are rubbed together, and electrons from one of the objects rub off onto the other. 

Static Discharge

Is the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object

Law of Conservation of Charge

Is a fundamental principle of physics. According to this law, matter can be neither created nor destroyed.

Conductor

A material through which electric current (see also current) can pass.

Insulator

A material or an object that does not easily allow heat, electricity, light, or sound to pass through it. 

Charging by Contact

When two charged matter contact each other, total charge of the system is preserved and they distribute the total charge in accordance with their capacities.

Charging by Induction

Induction charging is a method used to charge an object without touching the object to any other charged object.

Electron

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

Proton

a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.

Electric Current

An electric current is a flow of electric charge. In electric circuits this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in an ionised gas.

Electric Field

a region around a charged particle or object within which a force would be exerted on other charged particles or objects.

Electric Force

Coulomb's law, or Coulomb's inverse-square law, is a law of physics for quantifying the amount of force with which stationary electrically charged particles repel or attract each other.

Electric Circuit

An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements. An electrical circuit is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current. Wikipedia

Voltage

an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.

Voltage Source

A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage. An ideal voltage source can maintain the fixed voltage independent of the load resistance or the output current. However, a real-world voltage source cannot supply unlimited current. A voltage source is the dual of a current source.

Resistance

In electricity, a measurement of the difficulty encountered by a power source in forcing electric current (see also current) through an electrical circuit, and hence the amount of power dissipated in the circuit. 

Ohm’s Law

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. ... More specifically, Ohm's law states that the R in this relation is constant, independent of the current.

Series Circuit

A series circuit is a circuit in which resistors are arranged in a chain, so the current has only one path to take. The current is the same through each resistor.

Parallel Circuit

Components of an electrical circuit or electronic circuit can be connected in many different ways. The two simplest of these are called series and parallel and occur frequently. Components connected in series are connected along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components.

Electric Power

Electric power is the rate, per unit time, at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt, one joule per second. Electric power is usually produced by electric generators, but can also be supplied by sources such as electric batteries.

Ammeter

an instrument for measuring electric current in amperes.

Galvanometer

an instrument for detecting and measuring small electric currents.

Voltmeter

A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit; digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by use of an analog to digital converter.

Electric Motor

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and winding currents to generate force in the form of rotation.

Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic induction (or sometimes just induction) is a process where a conductor placed in a changing magnetic field (or a conductor moving through a stationary magnetic field) causes the production of a voltage across the conductor.

Short Circuit

in a device, an electrical circuit of lower resistance than that of a normal circuit, typically resulting from the unintended contact of components and consequent accidental diversion of the current.

Circuit Breaker

A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after a fault is detected.

Fuse

a safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.

Power

supply (a device) with mechanical or electrical energy.

Energy

Energy is the ability to do work. 

Grounded

is the process of removing the excess charge on an object by means of the transfer of electrons between it and another object of substantial size.

Magnet

a piece of iron (or an ore, alloy, or other material) that has its component atoms so ordered that the material exhibits properties of magnetism, such as attracting other iron-containing objects or aligning itself in an external magnetic field.

Magnetic Field

a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.

Magnetic Pole

Magnetosphere

Van Allen Belts

Solar Wind

Aurora

Magnetic Field Lines

Electromagnet