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The Properties of Rocks

Rocks are nonliving matter. Rocks are 

made of one or more minerals.

Properties are what you see and feel. 

These properties include color and  

texture.   Rocks can be many colors.  

They can be pink, green, brown,...  

Rocks feel rough, hard, soft or 

smooth. 

The    Formation   of    Igneous   

Rocks

When magma shoots up, lava is all 

over the ground and hardens into 

Igneous rock. Igneous rock is a 

rock that is formed from a volcano.

Formation   of  

Igneous Rock                                

Igneous   comes from a word that means 

‘

f

i

r

e

’

.

A good place to look for igneous rock is old 

volcanoes.

Igneous rocks began   as ‘melted’ or molten 

rock deep inside the Earth.

Some molten rock came to the surface after a 

volcano erupted and cooled quickly.

ROCK   CYCLE

New rocks are always being made from the 

pieces of the old ones.

Wind and water can break metamorphic rock 

and can come together to form sedimentary 

rocks.

Heat and pressure can change igneous into 

metamorphic.

Sedimentary rocks melt to form igneous rock.

Layers of the Earth

What is Earth? 

There are 3 layers of Earth.

Earth is a great big ball of rock.

You’re always standing on rock.

The crust is made of soil and rock.

The mantle is made of very hot igneous 

and metamorphic rock.

The core is made is out of iron and 

nickel. 

Examples of Igneous Rock

Igneous    comes    from    a    word     that   

means   fire.   Granite    is    used    for    statues.

Obsidian    is    formed    when    lava    cools   and   

it    was    used    by    early    Native    Americans   

for    knives and arrowheads.   Another example 

of an igneous rock is basalt.   It was    formed   

long    ago    when    lava    poured    out    of   

volcanoes.

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