Introduction

-> What are Periodic Trends? Periodic Trends are specific patterns in the periodic table that describe the properties of chemical elements.

-> There are 3 Periodic Trends: Ionization energy, Electronegativity, and Atomic Radius. 

~ Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion.

~ Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself.

~ Atomic radius is ½ of the distance between 

the nuclei in a molecule consisting of 

identical atoms.

What is Ionization Energy?

Ionization energy is energy that is used to remove an electron from another and combine it to the nucleus. The amount of ionization energy an atom has is very important to the atoms themselves. This is because the more energy it has, the stronger the pull on electrons towards the nucleus. 

How can you tell how much Ionization Energy an Element has?

On the periodic table, you can tell which element has the highest amount of ionization energy. Ionization energy increases going from left to right on the periodic table. This is because the nuclear charge increases from left to right as well. 

What are the trends for electronegativity?

The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the greater its ability to attract shared electrons. The electronegativity of an atom increases as you move from left to right across a period on the periodic table. The electronegativity of atoms decreases as you move from top to bottom down a group in the periodic table. 

How can you tell when Electronegativity increases?

As the number of protons in the nucleus increases, the electronegativity increases because the charged protons attract the charged electrons, which is charged negatively.

Facts About Electronegativity

The difference in electronegativity determines whether the type of electronegativity is a nonpolar bond, polar bond, or ionic bond. According to the Pauling scale, Fluorine is the most electronegative element with its value at 4.0, while Caesium and Francium are the least electronegative element with its values at 0.7.