Table of Contents

• Introduction

• Location

• Climate

• Animals

• Plants

• Abiotic Factors

• Threats

Introduction

There are two types of tundra, the arctic and the alpine tundra. The arctic tundra is the land around the North Pole. The alpine tundra is found above the tree line of tall, cold mountains. Tundra covers one fifth of the Earth's surface. This book is about the Arctic Tundra

Location

Arctic tundra is located in Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia. Arctic tundra are found on high-latitude landmasses. Alpine tundra are located at very high elevations atop mountains, where overnight temperatures fall below freezing.

Alaska

Canada

Russia

Climate

Inn the tundra, the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. Tundra winters are long, dark, and cold, with mean temperatures below 0°C for six to 10 months of the year. In areas dominated by the tundra climate type, winters are long and cold, especially in the region north of the Arctic Circle where, for at least one day in the year, the Sun does not rise.

Animals

The animals will need to be able to survive the cold tundra. There are many animals that live in the tundra-like:

• Ptarmigan

• Snowshoe Hare

• Ermines

• Arctic Foxes

The snowshoe hare, ptarmigan, and arctic foxes all change color to white in the winter. They change color because it is winter and there is snow so they can camoflauge.

Snowshoe hare

Rock Ptarmigan

Arctic Fox

Ermine