There are Three Basic Composting Methods 

      1. Cold Compost 

      2. Worm Compost 

      3. Bokashi Compost 

 COLD COMPOST 

It is the simplest effortless and least likely method of composting. Natural soil formation it is similar in plants and takes a long time. Will take care of the compost pile may be suitable for you if you don't have the time and energy,but this stack you need a space to create. Cold compost is basically whatever compost you have on hand. It is a pile of organic matter to which you constantly add appropriate waste. When your box is full you stop adding more material and wait for composting to complete. As in every compost method ıt is necessary to establish moisture and air balance in this method. It is important as the name suggests hot compost reaches temperatures dead end and occurs close to the natural disintegration process. 

 WHY DOES IT SMELL BAD?

The general complanits of people who tried the cold compost method and gave up are that the pile smells and flfies are infested. If the pile is always covered with carbon-contaning materials it will not be exposed to flies, its moisture content will be balanced and it will not smell. It may take some time to learn which ingredients are how effective,so  don't let your enthusiasm get discouraged! Remember; Let your compost breathe, stay moist and be covered with carbon material. 

Wastes that can be used 

Fruit, vegetable peels, tea, coffe residues, waste food, vegetable waste from balconies and gardens etc. waste can be used.  

worm compost 

It is a type of compost made through the excretion of red California worms. After choosing the apporpriate containers and location, place the coconut fiber block inside one of the containers. Like a damp sponge It should be wet. Cover the worms with a layer of brown leaves, a layer of greenery, and then another layer of brown leawes. Place the container with the non-perforated container and place the lid on it. We give waste, Which is food worms, to worms.It breaks down the waste and produces fertilizer. Make them think the worms are in the soil you need a dark place that is not too hot or too cold.

waste that can be used 

Fruit and vegetable stems,peels vegetable peelings unbleached paper Pumpkin fiber, wool fiber, sea sponge 

BOKASHI COMPOST 

Bokashi means ''fermented'' in Japanese means ''organic matter''. Bokashi is a cold compost making method Bokashi organic kitchen thrown into the compost bucket waste undergoes fermentation thanks to the beneficial microorganisms added to it. Food wastes are turned into pickles, bokashi juice has the characteristics of unsalted pickle juice and the solid part is unsalted. It has pickle characteristics. Once your compost bucket and beneficial microorganism liquid are ready then all you have to do is collect the organic waste in the kitchen on a daily basis and throw them into your fresh sompost bucket and sprinkle sawdust on them to create beneficial microorganism liquid. You can squeeze it or sprinkle it with Pickle Bran if you have it. 

The situation and amount of waste you throw into it, the reduction size of the waste thrown in, depending on the temperature of the environment where the buckets are located, after 15-20 days, the you start getting Bokashi bottom water from the drain tap. At the end of the fermentation process, dig the compost in the bucket to a depth of 20 cm to turn it into soil. You need to bury it in the hole you opened. 

Waste that can be used 

Wheat,rice, corn, bran, corn flour, bean husks, cotton husks, fruit and vegetables peels, onion-garlic peels, kitchen waste, seaweed, oyster shells, tea and coffee pulp, egg shells, cheese, bread, seed, shells, chicken, chicken bones, etc. waste can be placed. 

                 WHAT İS FERMENTATION?

        Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substances through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, fermentation is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen, while in food production, it may more broadly refer to any process in which the activity of microorganisms brings about a desirable change to a foodstuff or beverage. The science of fermentation is known as zymology.

Refuse waste

Millions of tons of waste are produced worldwide each day, which presents serious problems for public health and environmental sustainability. 

In addition to keeping cities clean and healthy, efficient waste management is essential for protecting natural resources and halting climate change. 

This essay explores the complicated world of discarded waste, looking at its several forms, the effects of incorrect disposal, and creative methods for improving waste management.

Overview of Refuse Waste  

Refuse waste, commonly known as garbage or trash, includes all discarded materials that are no longer deemed useful. 

Types of Refuse Waste

Types of Refuse Waste

Household Waste

Household waste comprises everyday items discarded by families and individuals. This can include food scraps, packaging materials, broken appliances, and old furniture. For example, a single household may generate waste such as leftover food, plastic bottles, and worn-out clothes. Managing household waste involves strategies like recycling, composting, and proper disposal.

 image from https://www.junkhunters.co.uk/blog/reducing-household-waste/

   Industrial Debris Manufacturing procedures and other industrial operations generate industrial waste. Chemicals, metals, and other byproducts are frequently present.

 For example, waste products including plastic parts, metal scraps, and dangerous chemicals may be produced in an electronics manufacturing plant. 

    The prevention of environmental contamination

 and health concerns is contingent upon 

the effective management of industrial waste. 

Debris from Construction

Waste from construction projects is produced in large quantities, including metal, concrete, bricks, and wood.

 This kind of garbage, sometimes referred to as building debris, must be handled using techniques like recycling and reuse. 

     For instance, crushed concrete that has been demolished might be repurposed as a foundational material in future construction projects.

Impact of Improper Waste -Disposal

Community Involvement and Education

Government Policies and Legislation