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The geography of Ancient Greece is mostly 

mainland with mountains. Greece has more 

than 1400 islands. The country has mild 

winters and hot long summers. Greece is also 

mainly surrounded by the Mediterranean sea 

and the Aegean Sea.

Athens

Athens is the center of Greek civilization. 

Athens is surrounded by mountains.   Athens 

government ruled as a democracy, they were 

the first ever people to do this. The city of 

Athens was built below the Acropolis which 

stands on a hill. Athens was very creative, 

they believed in good education. Women in 

Athens were not important, girls could be 

taught at home if had rich families. 

Sparta 

The city of Sparta was ruled by a king. Sparta 

was surrounded by mountains which made it 

difficult to invade. Sparta was focused on 

obedience and war. Men did not had to work or 

be educated, and at age 7 they were trained 

for war. Women of Sparta were highly 

respected, as they were the mothers of 

warriors. Sparta kept to themselves rather 

than trade, unless their army was needed.

Battle of Theromplyae 

The battle of Thermopylae was the first 

between the Persians and Greeks during the 

Persian invasion of 480-479 BC. The Greek 

force was very small but was determined to 

make a stand against the huge Persian army.

Zeus 

Zeus-Was the ruler of all gods and the 

brothers and sisters was Hera,Cronus, 

Poseidon,and Hades. He is the lord of the sky 

and rain. Zeus’s children were 

Apollo,Dionysus,Hermes,Perseus, and 

Hercules.

Poseidon 

Poseidon is the god of sea, He is the brother 

of the main god zeus. Poseidon's weapon is a 

trident. With his trident he could make the 

earth shake. poseidon created the first horse. 

He had many children but we only know of his 

one son triton. he was also considered to 

have the worst temper of all the gods. 

Peloponnesian War 431 BC- 404 BC

Causes of war: many Greek cities resented 

Athens domination of the Delian League. 

Strategy: Athens strategy was to surround 

Sparta by sea. Prevent food and supplies from 

reaching. Sparta's strategy was a strong 

army. Surround Athens and prevent t from 

raising food around city.  

Plato

The trio of Plato laid the fundamentals of 

Western philosophy. Along with being a 

mathematician he was a philosopher and a 

founder of a Academy in Athens, which was 

the first institute which imparted a higher end 

education to students. 

Aristotle 

Born: 384 BC, Stagira, Greece

Died: 322 BC, Chalcis, Greece

He was a greek philosopher and scientist

he attended the school of Plato at age 7 and eventually 

became a teacher

 He made contributions to logic, metaphysics, 

mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, 

agriculture, medicine, dance and theater.

Aristotle believed that the best way to understand why 

things are the way they are is to understand what 

purpose they were designed to serve.

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