CPU : THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE PROCESSOR ,IT IS LIKE THE BRAIN OF THE COMPUTER AND CONVERTS DATA INTO INFORMATION.IT EXECUTES INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN BY THE USER OR APPLICATION. THE PROCESSOR SPEED IS MEASURED IN MEGAHERTZ AND GIGAHERTZ .THE CPU IS A 2 INCH CERAMIC SQUARE WITH A SILICON CHIP. IT IS LOCATED IN THE CPU BOX . THE CPU PROCESSES INFORMATION WITHIN SECONDS .

INPUT DEVICES : INPUT DEVICES ARE DEVICES WHICH ARE USED BY THE USER TO OBTAIN EFFECT OF THE INPUT ON THE OUTPUT DEVICE. EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES ARE : MOUSE ,REMOTE , JOYSTICK ETC... THE SIGNALS FROM THE REMOTE WHEN WE PRESS A BUTTON ARE TRANSFERRED TO THE MAIN BOX TO perform actions.

OUTPUT DEVICES : THE OUTPUT DEVICES ARE THE DEVICES WHICH ARE USED BY THE USER TO SEE THE INFORMATION ON THE SCREEN WHICH HAS BEEN PUT IN THROUGH THE INPUT DEVICE .OUTPUT DEVICES ARE USED TO REPRESENT INFORMATION . A COMMON EXAMPLE OF AN OUTPUT DEVICE IS THE SCREEN.

PRIMARY MEMORY :RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY IS COMMONLY KNOWN AS RAM . RAM IS AN AREA WHERE ANY WINDOW,APPLICATION OR FILE CAN BE OPENED . EITHER OF THE FILES ,APPLICATIONS OR THE WINDOW OCCUPY A SMALL SPACE IN IT .IT IS ALMOST LIKE AN IMAGINARY OR PROJECTED MEMORY AS THE RESULT OF PROJECTION ON THE MONITOR .

SECONDARY MEMORY : SECONDARY MEMORY IS ALSO KNOWN AS ROM. THE FULL FORM OF ROM IS READ ONLY MEMORY . UNLIKE THE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY THE ROM STORES MEMORY PERMANENTLY ON THE COMPUTER .FOR INSTANCE IF THE POWER IS SWITCHED OFF THEN THE INFORMATION WILL NO LONGER STAY IN THE RAM ....

DATA STORAGE : 8 BITS = 1 BYTE

1 MB = 1024 KB

1 GB = 1024 MB

1 TB = 1024 GB

1 PB = 1024 TB

1 EB = 1024 PB

1 ZB = 1024 EB

1 YB = 1024 ZB

REMOVABLE STORAGE DEVICES : REMOVABLE STORAGE DEVICES IN WHICH THE USER CAN STORE DATA EASILY .. AS THEY ARE PORTABLE WE CAN EASILY EXCHANGE AND BACKUP INFORMATION ...

SOME OF THE COMMON EXAMPLES FOR REMOVABLE STORAGE DEVICES ARE PEN DRIVES , MICROCHIPS ,HARD DISKS ETC...

PORTS : A PORT IS A CONNECTION INTERFACE BETWEEN A COMPUTER AND OTHER COMPUTERS OR PERIPHERAL DEVICES ....

IT PROVIDES A SIGNAL TRANSFER MECHANISM BETWEEN VARIOUS DEVICES ....

PORTS ARE REQUIRED AS WITHOUT THEM THERE WILL BE NO SIGNAL FOR TRANSFER THROUGHOUT THE COMPUTER .