Reaction Kinetics are rates of chemical reaction and factors that affect these rates! Some of these factors are:

1.Concentrations of reactants

2.Temperature at which reaction occurs

3.Presence of a catalyst

4.Surface area of solid or liquid reactants and/or catalysts

The formula to calculate the average reaction rate:

Throughout exothermic reactions, bonds break and new bonds form and protons and electrons go from a structure of higher potential energy to lower potential energy. Due to this, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, which is where the heat released in reactions. In an endothermic reaction the opposite occurs.

The collision theory states that reaction between molecules in the gas phase occur when molecules collide with sufficient kinetic energy.

Dynamic Equilibrium

At dynamic equilibrium, the reaction rate of the forward reaction always equals the reaction rate of the reverse reaction.

According to  Le Chatelier's Principle, Equilibrium shifts towards one side or the other depending on concentration, temperature, pressure, and volume.

The equilibrium constant, Keq is:

Equilibrium shifts due to different factors. Take a look!

Solubility equilibrium is based on the assumption that solids dissolve in water to give the basic particles from which they are formed.

Solubility product equilibrium constant (KsP):

Acids and bases are extremely important in chemistry because other than redox reactions, every chemical reaction can be classified as an acid-base reaction.

Some facts about Acids and Bases:

• Acids when dissolved in water increase H+ concentration and are proton donors.

• Bases when dissolved in water increase OH- concentration and are proton acceptors

• conjugate acids are products formed by adding a proton to base

• conjugate base - product formed by removal of a proton from acid

Strong Acids:

• HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HclO3, HclO4, and diprotic H2SO4 are some strong acids

Strong Bases:

Most common strong bases are ionic hydroxides of alkali metals and the heavier alkaline-earth metals and they have complete dissociation

Weak Acids:

Weak acids dissociate incompletely. They have higher pKa than strong acids!!

Weak Bases:

Have equilibrium at which base reacts with H2O to form a conjugate acid and OH