There are four main types of macromolecules. 

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Each type of macromolecule has something called a monomer and a polymer.

A monomer is a single unit of a large structure. 

A polymer is large structures made up of monomers.  

Carbohydrates are sugars that store energy for the body. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO).  The monomer of a carbohydrate is a monosaccharide. The polymer of a carbohydrate is a polysaccharide. Carbohydrates end in - ose; there are two example, glucose, and cellulose. Carbohydrates are a quick source of energy for the human body. A carbohydrate may be joined to another molecule with a glycosidic linkage.    

There are two examples of a polysaccharide; starch and cellulose. 

Proteins are living organisms that use peptide bonds to form long chains of amino acids. Proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON). The monomer of a protein is an amino acids. The polymer of a protein is a polypeptide. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in the body. Most enzymes end in -ase; one example is amylase.   

Lipids are an organic compound that is made up of chains of fatty acids. Lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO). Lipids can be saturated or unsaturated. In a hydrolysis, water is added to remove the fatty acids from the glycerol molecule. An ester bond holds together glycerol and fatty acids which is a triglyceride. Lipids make up cell membranes. Lipids provide long-term energy storage. Lipids store energy as adipose tissue and this tissue insulates the body.  

Nucleic acids are organic compounds that play a vital role in our cells by storing and transferring genetic information. Nucleic acids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphate (CHONP). The monomer of a nucleic acid is a nucleotide. A polymer of a nucleic acid is DNA and RNA. DNA appears as a stranded double helix, while RNA appears as a stranded single helix.